UC-II^® is a patented form of undenatured type II collagen clinically shown to reduce joint pain and stiffness and improve mobility and function at low doses*. UC-II is thought to act via interaction with certain immune cells in the gut, helping to enhance healthy joint function.

*Schön et al. (2022), Journal of integrative and complementary medicine, vol. 28,6 (2022): 540-548 doi:10.1089/jicm.2021.0365.

Vitamin D in its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol), binds to receptors in or on cells to regulate a wide range of physiological processes related to calcium homeostasis and bone health as well as muscle health and function.

Rhodiola influences stress response pathways, and supports antioxidant defences, reducing oxidative damage to body cells, helping with endurance and reducing fatigue.